About Us
Directorate of Forensic Sciences, Manipur has six divisions that specialize in examination of various cases. Apart from these divisions, DFS Manipur has 4(four) Mobile Forensic Units
i. Chemistry:
1) Examination of Narcotic Drugs like opium, Crude Morphine, brown sugar, Heroin, Ganja and charas are done in the Chemistry Division.
2) Examination of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine.
3) Analysis of cough syrup to ascertain presence of codeine.
4) Examination of precursor chemicals used for preparation of heroin.
5) Examination of Petrol and petroleum products to ascertain adulteration.
6) Examination of ashes and half burnt substances to ascertain inflammable oil.
7) Examination of liquor and illicit liquor to ascertain percentage of alcohol present.
8) Examination of acids involved in crimes.
9) Examination of capsules and tablets to ascertain presence of Dextropropoxyphene, Tramadol and Benzodiazepine group of drugs.
10) Examination of Gold-plated ornaments to detect presence of copper, Gold, silver etc.
Main Equipment: -
ii. Ballistics
1) Examination & Identification of Firearms: To determine the calibre, make / model, standard or improvised or country made, signs of discharge, serviceability/non-serviceable and possible cause, amongst others.
2) Examination of Ammunition: Identification of type, calibre and make of fired and unfired ammunition/ cartridges, Country of origin of the cartridges etc. Components of ammunitions like cartridge case, fired projectiles – bullets & pellets, powder / propellants, primer cups, etc. are examined and identified.
3) Firearm / Ammunition Manufacturing: Components and equipment which are suspected to be used in the clandestine manufacture of firearm/ammunition are also examined.
4) Examination of Gunshot Holes: Suspected gunshot holes on different surfaces of both mobile and immobile objects like walls, doors, vehicles, clothes, or garment of victims etc. are examined and verified.
5) Range of Firing: Estimation of possible range, angle and direction of firing from the Firearm Discard Residue and pattern around the gunshot holes, tracing of bullet holes, etc.
6) Matching of Firearm and Fired Ammunition: Microscopic examination of fired cartridge case / bullet / projectile (under the comparison microscope) helps to determine whether it has been fired from particular firearm or not, and hence link the victim / crime scene with the suspect.
7) Number Restoration: Obliterated and erased numbers / markings on recovered firearms are restored to link the same to a particular crime or owner.
8) CSI: Ballistic experts also visit crime scenes, as and when required, to help in reconstruction of the crime scene
Physics Cases: Physics related cases like tool mark examination, obliterated/erased number/mark restoration in stolen vehicles, linking of torn clothes / garments, etc. are also done by Ballistics experts.
Main Equipment: -
iii. Biology & DNA
1) Examination and identification of blood stain and blood grouping (from liquid and dried stains), semen, urine, saliva, hairs and fibres, etc. are done in Biology Division. Exhibits such as blood stained clothes, blood stained weapons, hairs, fibres, etc involved in murder cases, rape cases including POCSO cases are received for examination.
2) Exhibits such as charred bones, blood stains, aborted foetus, etc. have been received for DNA analysis.
Main Equipment:
Training for the IOs from various Police Stations of Manipur on the handling of biological specimens & exhibits for DNA analysis has been successfully conducted in Biology Division.
iv. Toxicology
This division deals with the examination of different types of poisons.
1) Biological
a) Samples of Blood, urine, vomit matter, stomach wash in case of a living person to identify the poison or drug consumed are examined.
b) In case of dead bodies-viscera consisting of the stomach with contents, parts of the small intestine, portion of liver, gall bladder, kidney, blood, urine, skin, hair, nail, bone are preserved and examined. c) Plant poison- Samples of cannabis, dhatura, opium, oleander, etc. are also examined.
2) Non-biological
Poisoning cases suspected from food, drinks, utensils recovered from crime scenes etc and other samples such as water bottles, and syringes with needles etc. are also examined in case of overdose (OD) including drugs like sedative, hallucinogen, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, narcotics etc.
Main Equipment:
v. Questioned Document
1) Examination and comparison of questioned signatures and handwriting with standards to identify and fix authorship in disputed documents like Bank Cheques, Withdrawal Forms, Suicide Notes, Government Department Orders/documents, etc.
2) Examination of obliterations and alterations in documents like Service Book (particularly in DoB) to decipher the original writings.
3) Examination of erasures in disputed map boundaries.
4) Examination and comparison of seal impressions.
5) Examination of serrated edges of documents to determine whether a piece of paper had been torn off from a larger piece/notebook/dairy, etc.
6) Cases involving economic offences like possession/use/distribution of counterfeit Bank Notes are also referred to this Division for detailed examination of the Notes to determine their genuineness.
Equipment: -
Stereo Zoom Microscope.
Document Examination System HS 3D
Document Examination System HS 525
vi. Photography
1. All the photography works of different Divisions are done by the Photography division. This division takes photographs of the exhibits of various other divisions during and after examination.
2. The photography Division also attends Crime Scene whenever it becomes necessary along with Scientific Experts of different Divisions in the Laboratory and helps the IOs with the techniques of Forensic Photography in the Crime Scene.
